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Nigeria

Standard Coverage

West Africa • NGA

Last updated: October 1, 2026

Travel Information
AI-Generated

Nigeria, often called the Giant of Africa, is a vibrant nation known for its bustling cities, rich cultural heritage, and diverse natural landscapes. Travelers can explore everything from the energetic music and arts scene of Lagos to the historic landmarks and breathtaking waterfalls found across the country.

Visa Requirements

Visa on Arrival
e-Visa / ETA Available

Most international travelers require a visa to enter Nigeria; however, an e-Visa or visa-on-arrival is available for eligible visitors if applied for in advance.

Typically Required Documents

  • Valid passport with at least 6 months validity
  • Visa application form
  • Proof of accommodation
  • Return flight ticket
  • Yellow fever vaccination certificate
  • Proof of funds

Popular Attractions

1

Lagos: Nigeria's most populous city, famous for its energetic nightlife, stunning beaches like Tarkwa Bay, and vibrant markets.

2

Olumo Rock: A historic granite outcrop in Abeokuta that offers panoramic views and deep cultural significance for the Egba people.

3

Zuma Rock: Often referred to as the Gateway to Abuja, this massive monolith is a natural wonder that dominates the surrounding landscape.

4

Erin Ijesha Waterfalls: A magnificent seven-level waterfall in Osun state, offering a scenic and adventurous hiking experience through lush vegetation.

5

Nike Art Gallery: One of the largest art galleries in West Africa, housing an incredible collection of traditional and contemporary Nigerian art.

Local Customs & Etiquette

Greet elders with respect: It is customary to bow slightly or use formal titles when speaking to someone older than you.

Use your right hand: Always use your right hand for eating, shaking hands, or giving and receiving items, as the left hand is often considered unclean.

Dress modestly: While urban areas can be modern, it is important to dress conservatively, especially in northern regions or when visiting religious sites.

Ask before taking photos: Always seek permission before photographing locals, particularly in rural areas or during religious ceremonies.

Value communal hospitality: Nigerians are incredibly hospitable, and it is polite to accept small offers of food or drink when invited into someone's home.

Be aware of hierarchical structures: Professional and social interactions often follow formal protocols regarding status and seniority.

Safety Tips

Avoid traveling at night: Stick to daytime travel between cities due to limited road lighting and security concerns on certain highways.

Use reputable transportation: Arrange private transport through hotels or trusted services rather than relying on unverified local taxis.

Stay informed: Keep updated on local news and security advisories, particularly regarding specific regions that may be advised against for travel.

Keep a low profile: Avoid displaying wealth, expensive jewelry, or large amounts of cash in public spaces.

Use secure accommodation: Choose hotels with high safety standards, private security, and proximity to major business or tourist districts.

Limit nighttime walking: Avoid walking alone in unfamiliar areas or desolate streets after dark.

AI-generated content. Visa requirements vary by nationality — verify with the official embassy before travel.

Entry Requirements

Yellow Fever

Source: CDC

Not Required

Not required when traveling directly from non-risk countries.

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Yellow Fever

Source: CDC

Required

Proof of vaccination is required for all travelers aged 9 months or older.

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Diphtheria

Source: CDC

Required

Vaccination against diphtheria is essential to protect against disease. If you are traveling to an affected area, you should be up to date with your diphtheria vaccines.

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Polio

Source: CDC

Required

Ensure you are up to date on your polio vaccines before international travel.

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Recommended Vaccines & Precautions

Core Vaccines

Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) vaccine

Source: CDC

All ages

Measles cases are rising in many countries around the world. All international travelers should be fully vaccinated against measles with the MMR vaccine.

Ensure you are up to date on your MMR vaccine before international travel.

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COVID-19 vaccination

Source: CDC

All ages

To reduce the risk of contracting COVID-19.

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Routine vaccines (MMR, Tdap, etc.)

Source: CDC

All ages

Recommended for all travelers to ensure immunity against common diseases.

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Routine Vaccines (MMR, Tdap, Polio, Varicella, Influenza)

Source: CDC

All ages

Ensure all routine vaccinations are up to date before travel to prevent common preventable diseases.

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Routine vaccines (MMR, Tdap, Polio, Varicella, Influenza)

Source: CDC

All ages

Ensure all routine vaccinations are up to date before travel to prevent common infectious diseases.

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For Most Travelers

Routine vaccinations (MMR, Tdap, Varicella, etc.)

Source: CDC

All ages

Vaccination is recommended as part of routine healthcare for all travelers.

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Insect bite prevention (e.g., mosquito repellent)

Source: CDC

All ages

Recommended to reduce the risk of insect-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue.

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Cholera

Source: CDC

All ages

Recommended for those who may be at risk, particularly if visiting areas with active transmission.

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Yellow fever vaccine

Source: CDC

All ages

Required for travelers from certain areas as detailed in entry requirements.

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Cholera vaccination

Source: CDC

All ages

Active cholera transmission is widespread in Nigeria. Cholera is rare in travelers. Certain factors may increase the risk of getting cholera or having severe disease. Avoiding unsafe food and water and washing your hands can also help prevent cholera.

Vaccination may be considered for children and adults who are traveling to areas of active cholera transmission.

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Chikungunya vaccination

Source: CDC

All ages

There is elevated chikungunya risk in Nigeria. Chikungunya vaccination may be considered for people traveling or moving to this location if they are planning to stay for an extended period of time (for example, 6 months or more).

Consult with a healthcare provider to determine if this vaccination is appropriate for your travel plans.

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Hepatitis A vaccination

Source: CDC

All ages

Recommended for unvaccinated travelers one year old or older going to Nigeria.

Infants 6 to 11 months old should also be vaccinated against Hepatitis A. The dose does not count toward the routine 2-dose series.

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Hepatitis B vaccination

Source: CDC

All ages

Recommended for unvaccinated travelers of all ages traveling to Nigeria.

Consult with a healthcare provider to determine if this vaccination is appropriate for your travel plans.

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Typhoid

Source: CDC

All ages

Recommended for most travelers, especially those staying with friends or relatives or visiting smaller cities or rural areas.

Recommended due to contaminated food or water risks.

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Preventive measures for food and water safety

Source: CDC

All ages

To avoid food or waterborne illnesses.

Practice safe food and water precautions.

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Hepatitis A

Source: CDC

All ages

Recommended for most travelers due to the risk of exposure through contaminated food or water.

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Cholera vaccine

Source: CDC

All ages

Especially if visiting affected areas and at risk of exposure.

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Hepatitis B

Source: CDC

All ages

For travelers who may be exposed to blood or body fluids.

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Food and Water Safety Precautions

Source: CDC

All ages

To prevent diarrheal diseases, consume only safe water and food cooked/served hot.

Follow safe eating and drinking habits.

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Insect Bite Prevention

Source: CDC

All ages

To prevent mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria and yellow fever.

Use repellent, wear long sleeves, and use bed nets.

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Food and water safety precautions

Source: CDC

All ages

Essential to prevent travelers' diarrhea and other foodborne or waterborne illnesses.

Eat only food that is cooked and served hot; drink only bottled or treated water.

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Insect bite prevention

Source: CDC

All ages

Necessary to prevent mosquito-borne diseases like malaria and others found in the region.

Use EPA-registered insect repellent and wear protective clothing.

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Itinerary-Specific

Malaria prevention measures

Source: CDC

All ages

Recommended based on malaria risk in specific zones.

Consult with a healthcare provider for chemoprophylaxis.

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Insect bite prevention

Source: CDC

All ages

Recommended for protection against diseases transmitted by mosquitoes.

Use mosquito repellent and wear protective clothing.

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Meningococcal Vaccine

Source: CDC

All ages

Recommended for travelers visiting the northern regions of Nigeria during the dry season.

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Hepatitis B

Source: CDC

All ages

Recommended for travelers who may have sexual contact with a new partner, get a tattoo or piercing, or undergo medical procedures.

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Rabies

Source: CDC

All ages

Consider for travelers involved in outdoor activities or working with animals.

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Meningococcal Vaccine

Source: CDC

adult

Recommended for travelers heading to the 'meningitis belt' of sub-Saharan Africa during the dry season.

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Meningococcal vaccine

Source: CDC

adult

Consider for travelers visiting the 'meningitis belt' during the dry season or if long-term stays are planned.

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Malaria Information

Risk Area: Entire country

Chemoprophylaxis: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, or mefloquine

Seasonality: Year-round

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Risk Area: Entire country except specific areas

Chemoprophylaxis: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, or mefloquine

Seasonality: Year-round

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Risk Area: All areas of Nigeria

Chemoprophylaxis: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, tafenoquine

Seasonality: Year-round

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Official Sources

Authoritative Resources:

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